Hot-air furnace.



No. 672,658. Patented Apr. 23, 190|.

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HUT AIR FURNACE.

(Application led Aug'. 28, 1900. y

(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Shed was@ TH: Nonnls PETERS co, PNoTau'rHo., wAsHmm'un. n. c.

Nu. 672,658. Patented Apr. 23, wol.

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HOT AIR FUBNACE.

[ Application filed Aug. 28, 1900.) (N0 Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Nrrnn STATES WILLIAM WEWERS, OF QUINCY, ILLINOIS.

HOT-AIR FU RNACE.

SPECIFIGATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 672,658, dates April 2s, 190i,

Application filed August 28, 1900. Serial No. 28,310. (No model.)`

To all whom t may concern:

`Be it known that I, WILLIAM WEWERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Quincy, in the county of Adams and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Hot-Air Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hot-air furnaces, and has for one object to provide a furnace of novel and simple construction wherein the hot-air dues will present a very large heating-surface to the lire anda correspondingly large radiation-surface with which the air to be heated is brought into direct contact,where by the air in large volu mes is quickly heated with the expenditure of a minimum amount of fuel. It also has for its object to improve and simplify the construction and render more efficient and economical this class of furnaces generally; and to these ends' my invention consists in the features and in the construction, arrangement, and combination of parts hereinafterdescribed, and particularly pointed out in the claims following the description, reference being had'to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, wherein- Figure 1 is a vertical central sectional View of a hot-air furnace embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar View taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of the top of the lirepot. Fig. 5 is a similar View of the smoke-box. Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the base of the fire-pot, and Fig. '7 is a detail perspective view of the air-heating iiues.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 indicates the outer'furnace-casing inclosing thefurnace proper, 2 the hot-air fines for conveying the hot air to the various parts of the building to be heated, and 3 the ash box or pit, all cgnstructed in the usual and wella circular aperture 8, in which is arranged a grate 9 of usual or any preferred construction. The sides and rear of the base 4 overhang or project beyond the ash-pit 3, as most clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 4, and in said projecting portion of the base 4 are formed three air inlets or openings 10 and 11, as most clearly shown in Fig. 6, said openings being concentric with the grate-aperture 8, as shown, the opening 11 being formed centrally at the rear of the base and the openings 10 being formed on each side thereof. As shown, the air-inlet openings 10 and 11 are elongated and extend around the major portion of the periphery of the base 4 orembrace more than one-half of the grate-aperture. The innermost rib or ange 6, before referred to, extends around the outer edges of the air-inlet openings, and a corresponding rib or ange 12 is formed about the grate-aperture 8 and extends around the inner edges of the air-inlet openings. Supported on the base 4, over the air-inlet openings 10 and 11, are three air-heating flues 13 and 14, each comprising a hollow casting,provided at their lower ends with reduced edges or iianges 15, which sit in or seat between the ribs 6 and 12, surroundingtheair-inletopenings. Asshown, the flues 13 are tted in or over the air-inlet openings 10,whi1e the flue 14 is in similar manner tted in or over the air-inlet opening 11. Each of the flues 13 and 14 is segmental or arc-shaped in cross-section to correspond with the circular shape of the grate-aperture about which they extend. Each of the flues 13 is provided with a rear vertical edge 15a, while their forward edges 16 are curved or inclined upwardly and rearwardly, whereby said iiues gradually decrease in size from their lower toward their upper ends. The inner walls of the lines 13 are centrallybulged or deected outward toward the outer walls to form recesses or pockets 17, the lower portions of the walls of which incline inward and downward, as at 18,7toward the grate for the purpose hereinafter made apparent. The central flue 14 is of approximately U shape and comprises a lower central portion, which is sloped or inclined inwardly and downwardly toward the grate, as at 19, and two vertical sideV members 20, which extend up above the lower central portion 19 alongside the vertical edges 15a of the flues 13. A space or aperture 21 is thus IOO formed in the flue 14 between the portion 19 and portions 20 and serves as an outlet for the escape of smoke and products of combustion, as most clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings and as will more fully hereinafter be explained. The upper ends of the flues 13 and 14 are formed with reduced edges or iianges 22;

The fire-pot casing 7 is formed 'with a segmental or arc-shaped portion 23, which closely embraces the outer walls of the fines 13 and 14 and in front of the forward edges of the flues 13 is deflected inward toward the grate and thence extends around the front edge of the grate-aperture 8, as at 24.

Supported on the upper edge of the casing 7 is the base 25 of the fire-pot top or dome 26, comprising an annular flat plate or casting, provided on its under side with ribs 27 and 28, which fit about the upper edges of the casing 7 and the flues 13 and 14. Formed in the sides and rear of the base 25 are a plurality of apertures 29, 30, and 3l, the apertures 29 being smoke-passages that communicate with the interior of the fire-pot, while the apertures 30 and'31 are hot-air passages that register with the upper ends of the hotair iiues13and 14. The upper flanged ends 22 of the fiues 13 and 14 fit within the apertures 30 and 31, and the upper portions of said iiues are embraced by the ribs 28 on the base 25. The hot-air passages 30 and`31 open directly into the upper part of the casing l outside the dome 26, while the smoke-passages 29 communicate with a smoke-box constructed as follows: The numeral '32 indicates a substantially semicircular hollow casting provided with three depending sleeves or-nipples 33, arranged, respectively, at theV ends and intermediatethe ends of said casting, vand is also provided centrally between its ends with a laterally and rearwardly projecting elbow or sleeve 34, that is adapted to be connected with the smoke-pipe or offtake-flue leading to the chimney. The smoke-box 32 is disposed about the rear and sides of the dome 26, that rises from the inner edges of the annular base 25, and the sleeves or nipples 33 are fitted in the apertures 29 in the base 25.

The operation of my improved furnace is as follows: The parts having been assembled in the manner described, the furnace may be readily set up in operative position by connecting the due-openings 2 with the hot-air pipes leading to the different parts ofthe building to be heated, connecting the sleeve or ,thimble 34 to the smoke-pipe or off'take- Vue leading tothe chimney, and connecting an air-feed duct to the lower portion of the casing 1, surrounding theashpit 3. The furnace is. then in readiness for operation. A fire havipg been built in the fire-pot 5, the smoke and products of combustion pass olf through the space 2l and apertures A29 to the smoke-box 32 and from the latter through the sleeve or thimble 34 to the chimney. Theincandescent fuel resting in contact with the ues 13 and 14,the airen tering therein through the air-inlet openings 10 and 1l from the bottom of the casing is highly heated and ascending escapes through the apertures 30 and 31'into the upper part of the casing 1 and from thence is led off through the openings 2 and is conducted to the different parts of the building to be heated. The lines 13 and 14 practically form the rear and sides of the firepot, and the incandescent fuel rests directly against the same, and hence the air ascendingthroughsaidiluesishighlyheated. Moreover,the fines being provided with the recesses or pockets 17 the heating-surface of the lines is not only greatly increased, but the lire lies in said pockets, and a highly-heated surface is thus interposed in each fine directly in the path' of the ascending currents of air, while the inclined portions 18 and 19 ofV the flues permit the spent fuel or ashes to slide'down through the grate, and thus keep the recesses or pockets constantly filledwith incandescent fuel. Moreover', the inwardly-bulging walls forming the pockets or recesses and the contracted formation of the fines as they approach their upper ends tend to retard the too-rapid ascent ot" the air through the fines and hold it inY contact with the heated fines until .it becomes .heated to a high temperature, and this temperature is still further raised bycausing the heated air to pass under and around the smoke-box 32, through which pass the escaping smokeand products ofcombustion .from the fire-pot.

The air that enters the vcasing land ascends in the latter without passing through the heating-dues is heated by radiation from the fire-pot and `by* coming in contact with the smoke-box and the dome 2b' and mixes with the heated air escaping from the apertures 30 and 3l.

I have shown the air-heating flues as being' three in number; but it will be evident that they may be made in one, two, or any desired number of sections.

Having described lmy invention, what I claim is- 1. In a furnace, the combination with the inclosing casing, of theapertured base-plate arranged above and projecting beyond the ash-pit, the tire-pot supported on said baseplate, a segment-shaped Hue' supported on the plate inside the iire-potand independent of the latter and communicating at its lower endwith the aperture in the base-plate, a dome arrangedV on the fire-pot and provided with a base' having a passage communicating with said line and with smoke-apertures communicating with the fire-pot', and means for conducting off the smoke and productsY of combustion escaping through said sfmoke-ap ertures, substantially as described.

2. In a furnace, the combination with the inclosing casing, of the apertured base-plate arranged'above and projecting beyond the ash-pit, the fire-pot supported on said base- IOO IIO

plate, a segment-shaped iiue supported on the base-plate inside the.repot and independent of the latter and communicating at its lower end with the aperture in the baseplate, a dome arranged on the fire-pot and provided with a base having a hot-air passage communicating with the upper end of said iiue, and with smoke-apertures communicating with the fire-pot, and a smoke-box communicating with said smoke-apertures and provided with an outlet adapted to be connected with the chimney, substantially as described. l

with two series of openings, one of which communicates with the fire-pot and the other with the upper ends of the said flues, and a smoke-box communicating with openings leading from the fire-pot, substantially as described.

4. In a furnace, the combination with the inclosing casing, of ,the fire-pot, segmentshaped tlues arranged in the fire-pot nearthe outer wall thereof and independent of the latter and provided on theirinner sides with recesses or pockets, said flues communicating at their lower ends with air-inlet openings in the bottom of the fire-pot and at their upper ends with apertures formed in the top of the fire-pot and leading to the upper portion of the inclosing casing, substantially as described.

`5. In a furnace, the combination with the inclosing casing, of the fire pot, segmentshaped lines arranged in the fire-pot adjacent `to the outer wall thereof and provided on their inner sidesv with recesses or pockets having inwardly and downwardly inclined bottoms, said lues communicating at their lower ends with air-inlet openings in the bottom of the tire-pot and at their upper ends with ap- `ertures formed in the top of the lire-pot and leading into the upper portion of the inclosing casing, substantially as described.

6. In a furnace, the combination with the inclosing casing, of the re pot, segmentshaped flues arranged in the fire-pot near the outer wall thereof and provided on their inner sides with recesses or pockets, said flues communicating at their lower ends with airinlet openings in the bottom of the fire-pot and at their upper ends with apertures formed in the top of the lire-pot, said flues having largerinlet than outlet ends, substantially as described.

7. In a furnace, the combination with the inclosing casing, of the fire-pot provided cen-- trally with a circular grate, and segmentshaped fines arranged in the fire-pot concentrically with the rear and sides of the grate, and adjacent to the wall of the fire-pot, the outer edges of the end dues being inclined upwardly and rearwardly, said dues communicating at their lower ends with air-inlet openings in the bottom of the fire-pot and at their upper ends with apertures formed in the top of the fire-pot, substantiallyas described.

8. In a furnace, the combination with the inclosing casing, of the fire-pot, of the base on which the tire-pot rests, said base being provided centrally with a circular grate and at its rear and sides with three elongated airinlet openings arranged concentrically with the grate, a dome arranged above the fire-pot and provided with an annular laterally-projecting base supported on the upper end of the fire-pot, said base being provided with a plurality of smoke and hot-air openings, a U- shaped ilue arranged in the rear portion of the fire-pot, and two vertical lues respectively arranged on the opposite sides of said U- shaped iiue, said flues being segment-shaped in cross-section and fitted at their lower ends in the elongated air-openings in the base of the fire-pot and communicating at their upper ends With the hot-air openings in the base of `the dome, and means for conveying off the smoke escaping from the smoke-openings in said dome-base, substantially as described.

9. A furnace fire-flue segment-shaped in cross-section and gradually decreasing in size from its lower toward its upper end and provided on its inner side with a recess or pocket having an inwardly and downwardly inclined bottom, substantially as shown and described and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM WEWERS.

Witnesses:

WM. H. HEIDBREDER, J. H. SIEGKMANN.

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